The lecture began by Professor Benitez introducing Center of International Education Development and Research (CIEDR) at Indiana University and its major research fields which include teacher education, education in war and conflict areas, citizenship education, and English language education. She elaborated upon CIEDR’s teacher program of International language provided for war areas like Afghanistan, Kosovo, and South Sudan, and some other summer programs and short-term teacher training programs in Russia, Japan and Korea.  

Professor Pawan started his speech by distinguishing professionalism and professionalization and by illustrating several key concepts such as ESL, EFL and ELT, followed by a detailed explanation of responsive teaching. He argued that language teaching should consider vernacular cultural elements and characteristics, and he believed that designing language courses based on both global vision and local awareness proves effective.